Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women. Even though most women diagnosed with breast cancer survive, many of them experience pain as part of the disease process or as a side effect of diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Given that chronic pain in patients with breast cancer is a complex experience, the objective of this article was to conduct a systematic review of the scientific literature available in the PubMed database in English language between January 2000 and September 2019 on the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical characteristics, preventive strategies and treatment of chronic pain in patients with breast cancer, since the knowledge of these aspects is transcendental to identify, treat and monitor patients in the long term, in order to avoid further impact on their quality of life, already altered.